Which phase follows the implementation of selected security controls in Risk Management Framework (RMF)?

The phase that follows the implementation of selected security controls in the Risk Management Framework (RMF) is the Security Control Assessment. This phase is crucial because it involves evaluating the effectiveness of the implemented security controls to ensure they are functioning as intended and providing the necessary protection for the system.

During the Security Control Assessment, an assessment team conducts tests and evaluations of the controls to determine their security posture and verify compliance with the specified security requirements. This process not only identifies any weaknesses or deficiencies in the controls but also provides necessary documentation and evidence that the controls are appropriate for the level of risk associated with the system.

Following this assessment, the results inform whether the system can be authorized for use and give stakeholders assurance regarding the security readiness of the system. This leads to the importance of the subsequent phase, Continuous Monitoring, which will further ensure the ongoing effectiveness of controls over time.

In summary, the Security Control Assessment is a vital step to ensure that security controls are functioning as intended and are effective in managing risk before moving on to ongoing monitoring activities.